Basil: Sow and Grow GuideUpdated 14 days ago

Basil is a versatile and aromatic herb that thrives in warm weather and is a staple in many cuisines. Here's a concise guide to successfully sowing and growing basil.

When to Sow

Sow basil seeds outdoors after the last frost when the soil has warmed to at least 70°F. For an early start, seeds can be sown indoors 4-6 weeks before the last frost and transplanted once the weather is consistently warm.

Outdoor Sowing

Choose a sunny location with well-drained soil. Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep, spacing them 12-18 inches apart. Lightly cover with soil and water gently. Keep the soil consistently moist until seeds germinate, which usually takes 5-10 days.

Indoor Sowing

For indoor sowing, use seed-starting trays filled with a light, well-draining mix. Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep, water gently, and place the trays in a warm, sunny spot or under grow lights. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Transplant seedlings outdoors after they have developed a few sets of true leaves and the danger of frost has passed.

Care and Maintenance

Basil requires full sun and regular watering, especially during dry periods. Pinch back the growing tips regularly to encourage bushier growth and prevent the plant from flowering too early. If basil does flower, remove the flowers to keep the leaves flavorful. Fertilize with a balanced, organic fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.

Pests and Diseases

Basil is generally resistant to pests, but aphids, whiteflies, and Japanese beetles can sometimes be an issue. Manage these pests with insecticidal soap or by introducing natural predators like ladybugs. To prevent fungal diseases, water the plants at the base and ensure good air circulation by not overcrowding.

Harvesting

Begin harvesting basil once the plants are about 6-8 inches tall. Harvest leaves as needed by pinching them off just above a pair of leaves, which will encourage further growth. For the best flavor, harvest basil in the morning before the sun has warmed the leaves.

Garden Use

Basil is a fantastic companion plant for tomatoes, peppers, and other vegetables, as it can help repel harmful insects. It also thrives in containers, making it a great option for small spaces like patios or windowsills.

For further details, visit the full guide on the Botanical Interests Blog.