Artichoke: Sow and Grow GuideUpdated 14 days ago

Artichokes are a unique perennial vegetable that can be grown as an annual in cooler climates. Here's a concise guide to sowing and growing artichokes.

When to Sow

In mild climates, artichokes can be sown directly outdoors in the spring after the last frost. In colder climates, start seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before the last frost. If growing as a perennial, fall planting is also an option in areas with mild winters.

Outdoor Sowing

Artichokes prefer full sun and well-drained soil. For direct sowing, choose a location with plenty of sunlight. Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep and space plants 4-6 feet apart, as they grow large. Water gently after planting and keep the soil consistently moist during germination, which takes 10-20 days.

Indoor Sowing

For indoor sowing, plant seeds 1/4 inch deep in a seed-starting mix. Keep the soil moist and provide plenty of light, ideally using grow lights. Once seedlings develop two sets of true leaves, harden them off by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions before transplanting. Plant seedlings outdoors once the soil has warmed and the danger of frost has passed.

Care and Maintenance

Artichokes require regular watering, especially during dry spells. Mulch around the base of the plants to retain moisture and prevent weeds. Apply a balanced fertilizer during the growing season to encourage vigorous growth. If growing artichokes as perennials, cut them back after harvest to prepare for overwintering. In colder regions, protect the plants with a layer of mulch.

Pests and Diseases

Common pests include aphids, slugs, and snails. Use organic pest control methods like handpicking, barriers, or insecticidal soap to manage infestations. Ensure proper spacing and good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases, which can occur in humid conditions.

Harvesting

Artichokes are ready for harvest when the buds are still tight, and the scales have not yet begun to open. Cut the bud with 1-3 inches of stem attached. For perennial growth, leave some buds unharvested so they can produce flowers, which will attract pollinators.

Garden Use

Artichokes are not only delicious but also add dramatic architectural interest to garden beds with their large, striking foliage. They work well in both vegetable gardens and ornamental borders.

For further details, visit the full guide on the Botanical Interests Blog.