Artichoke Growing GuideUpdated 10 days ago
Artichokes are a unique perennial vegetable that can also be grown as an annual in cooler climates. Here’s a concise guide to sowing and growing artichokes:
When to Sow
- Outdoors: In mild climates, sow artichokes directly in the spring after the last frost.
- Indoors: In colder climates, start seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before the last frost.
- Perennials: For mild winter areas, fall planting is also an option if growing as a perennial. Learn more about growing artichokes in different climates.
Outdoor Sowing
- Artichokes thrive in full sun and well-drained soil.
- Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep and space plants 4-6 feet apart, as they grow large.
- Water gently and keep soil consistently moist until germination (10-20 days).
Indoor Sowing
- Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep in seed-starting mix.
- Keep soil moist and provide plenty of light, ideally using grow lights.
- Once seedlings develop two sets of true leaves, harden them off by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions. Transplant once the soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.
Care & Maintenance
- Watering: Water regularly, especially during dry periods.
- Mulching: Apply mulch around the base to retain moisture and prevent weeds.
- Fertilizing: Apply a balanced fertilizer during the growing season for vigorous growth.
- Perennials: If growing artichokes as perennials, cut them back after harvest and apply mulch for winter protection in colder regions.
Pests & Diseases
- Common pests include aphids, slugs, and snails. Manage infestations using organic pest control methods like handpicking or insecticidal soap.
- Ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases. Check out artichoke companion plants for additional pest management strategies.
Harvesting
- Harvest when the buds are still tight, and the scales have not begun to open.
- Cut the bud with 1-3 inches of stem attached. For perennial plants, leave some buds to flower and attract pollinators.
Garden Use
- Artichokes add architectural interest to garden beds with their striking foliage. They are ideal for both vegetable gardens and ornamental borders.